Friday, October 4, 2013

Uzbekistan's Changing Regional Partnerships in the Fight Against Human Trafficking



               Quite recently, prosecutors from Uzbekistan have put forth a noticeable effort in requesting extradition of Uzbek citizens who stand accused of human trafficking and are detained abroad.  This increase in frequency of extraditions, especially from Russia, might come as a surprise to many.  After all, Uzbekistan withdrew its membership from the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) in 2012.  This did not prove to be an impediment for regional cooperation, however, as it is now clear that Uzbekistan is working more closely with the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) to address such border security matters.  Whether or not this results in a final conviction and serving of justice, however, remains to be seen.

                Authorities of Uzbekistan have issued several extradition requests to its near neighbors.  For example, in May 2013 in the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Region of Russia, an Uzbek citizen was arrested by migration authorities for alleged involvement in trafficking Uzbek citizens from Uzbekistan to Russia, then to the United Arab Emirates for sexual exploitation.  In July 2012, another male Uzbek citizen who was on Uzbekistan’s most-wanted traffickers list was removed from the Vladivostok-Novokuznetsk train at the Irkutsk station.  According to Regnum.ru, another wanted suspected trafficker was arrested in Stavropol.  All of these detainees are awaiting extradition at the request of legal authorities of Uzbekistan.  

                What should not be neglected to mention is the relative speed at which these extradition orders were issued, following the arrest of these suspected traffickers.  Despite the pre-existing individual extradition treaties Uzbekistan had signed, this is likely another intended result of the increased communication which is now shared between the SCO's Regional Anti-Terrorist Structure  (RATS) and Uzbekistan.  Even though the name might initially imply that RATS is exclusively dedicated to fighting the tendency of terrorism that we're currently familiar with, the scope of their aims is much broader.  When Uzbekian’s president Islam Karimov met with Hu Jintao in 2009, their common goals as stated included fighting against illegal trans-national activity such as trafficking.  This desire is clearly maintained in 2013.  Judging from the discussions at the September 2013 summit, Karimov seeks increased cooperation and communication with the SCO to combat these activities.  Even though Uzbekistan is pursuing closer partnerships with China, Russia has far from faded from the picture.  In fact, Russia’s membership in the SCO is likely facilitating the successful extradition of suspected traffickers from Russia back to Uzbekistan.

                While it’s possible that regional cooperation between Uzbekistan, China, and Russia is leading to noteworthy results in the fight against human trafficking, the end of the road is not yet clear.  One major concern is whether or not these extradited individuals will even be prosecuted and convicted upon their return to Uzbekistan.  Assuming they have made substantial earnings from their illegal trafficking of persons, what would stop these suspects from bribing crooked judges or wardens?  With all of the expedient communication and information-sharing being done, its value will be considerably diminished if these individuals are allowed to walk right back out the door.  

Sources:
 
Dmitry Kotyel'nikov.  2013.  “Siloviki KHMAO ekstradiruyut torgovtsa lyud'mi.”  Pravda Urfo

 Igor' Alyeksich.  2012.  "Torgovets lyud'mi iz Uzbekistana poyman v Irkutske."  Komsomol'skaya Pravda 

"Na Stavropol'ye arestovan do ekstraditsii zhitel' Uzbekistana, razyskivayemyy za torgovlyu lyud'mi." 2013. Information Agency Regnam

"Vstrecha predsedatelya KNR Khu TSzin'tao s prezidentom Uzbekistana I. Karimovym."  2009.  Uzdaily

"Tezisy prezidenta Uzbekistana Islama Karimova na sammite SHOS."  2013.  Vyechernii Bishkek

1 comment:

  1. Nice post. I like the way you embedded the links into your remarks.

    One way you might want to consider when approaching this topic would be to closely research one or two traffickers from Uzbekistan (e.g. Фарход Халиков) and then try to draw larger conclusions from this examination. As a firm believer in the notion that ‘the state is the soul writ large’ I’ve discovered that global problems are sometimes best reflected in the actions of a single individual.

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